The problem of multiple hypothesis testing with observation control is considered. First, a setup with a fixed sample size is considered. For the binary hypothesis case, the optimal exponent for the maximal error probability is fully characterized. The characterization implies that the optimal exponent is achievable by a pure stationary (open-loop) control. Upper and lower bounds on the optimal exponent are derived for the multiple hypothesis case. Second, a sequential setup is considered wherein the main interest is in the optimal tradeoff among expected stopping times under various hypotheses subject to the constraint of vanishing error probabilities. Inspired by a classic result of Chernoff, a sequential test is proposed and its asymptotic optimality is established.